Filing occurs when the district court administrator officially makes the order part of the record. The administrator will stamp the order with the date of filing. The administrator may file the order on the same day that the district court judge signs it, but sometimes the order is not filed until later.
A "notice of filing" is a separate document that must, at a minimum, notify the recipient what it is that has been filed and the date of filing.
Under Minn. R. Civ. App. P. 104.01, subdivision 1, an appeal from an appealable order must be filed and served within 60 days after service by any party of written notice of the filing of the order. A "party" is a person or entity who participated in the district court proceeding. The district court administrator is not a party, so generally a notice from the court administrator about the filing of an order does not start the appeal time. An important exception to this rule is that in appeals from child-support orders in the expedited support process, the court administrator's service of notice of filing of the order does start the appeal time. See Minn. R. Gen. Prac. 378.01.
You do not need to wait until a party serves written notice of filing of an appealable order to file your appeal, but under rule 104.01, subdivision 1, if any party serves a written notice of filing of the order, then the appeal period will end in 60 days.
Service of a document may be made via the appellate courts' electronic filing system, personally, or by United States mail. The parties may agree to service by facsimile or other electronic means. Minn. R. Civ. App. P. 125.03.
If the appeal period is counted from a party's service of notice of filing (as it is with most orders), and the notice of filing is served by mail, three days are added to the prescribed period, but the time must be counted from the date the notice was mailed, not the date of receipt. Therefore, in most types of civil cases, if any party serves written notice of filing of an appealable order by mail, the appeal period expires 63 days after the date the notice was mailed. If the appeal is not served and filed within that time, it cannot be considered by the court.
Another appellate timing rule states that no order made before entry of judgment shall be appealable after the time to appeal the judgment has expired. Minn. R. Civ. App. P. 104.02. Under this rule, even if no notice of filing was served, the entry of judgment starts the time to appeal a prejudgment order.