The Supreme Court is the court of last resort when it comes to resolving challenges involving the constitutional rights of the people of the state of Minnesota. The Minnesota Court of Appeals was created in 1983 to function as the state's error-correcting court, but the decision of the Supreme Court can have the greatest effect on law and society because its decisions serve as precedent for future cases.
The Appeal
An appeal is really the end of a longer process. By the time a case is filed in the Minnesota Supreme Court, most of the legal activity in the case has already taken place.
There has been, for example, some problem or dispute in the community that could not be resolved informally between the parties. There has been the initiation of a legal case, negotiations, investigation, filing of documents, research, settlement efforts, motions, a trial or hearing, a decision by a judge or jury and a decision by the Minnesota Court of Appeals. Generally, only then can a case be appealed to the Supreme Court.
Types of Appeals
Most appeals heard by the Supreme Court come after the Court of Appeals has reviewed a final decision by a judge or jury in a lower court. The Supreme Court receives cases from the Court of Appeals on petitions for review. However, several types of cases bypass the Court of Appeals and go directly to the Supreme Court including appeals of murder cases in the first degree and cases coming from the Tax Court and Workers' Compensation Court of Appeals. A party who is dissatisfied with a lower court's decision may file an appeal. One exception is that, under the constitution, no appeal can be made after a person is found not guilty of a criminal charge.
The Appeals Route
Every case follows a certain route to the Supreme Court. Before appealing, normally a person considers the cost, time, and work involved in the appeal, as well as the potential effect on the law of a Supreme Court ruling on that matter.
In addition, the party making the appeal must have some basis or legal reason for the Supreme Court to review the case. Was the evidence sufficient to support the verdict? Was, for example, the law interpreted correctly by the Court of Appeals? Does the law involved in the case meet constitutional standards? In deciding whether to review the legal issue, the Supreme Court also considers whether the issue is an important one, whether a decision by the Supreme Court will help develop, clarify, or harmonize the law, and whether the lower courts departed from the accepted and usual course of justice.